Twelve distances from C

Move right from C one adjacent key at a time. At one through twelve semitones you encounter: minor second, major second, minor third, major third, perfect fourth, tritone, perfect fifth, minor sixth, major sixth, minor seventh, major seventh and perfect octave. Staying on the same C is a perfect unison.

Change the starting note

Any of the twelve keys in a keyboard group can be the root. As the root moves, every target key moves with it; interval names and semitone counts stay the same.

Twelve by twelve

Twelve roots times twelve upward distances make 144 root-to-target relationships. They are not 144 new interval types. Learn a few at a time by going both ways: name an interval from two keys, then find the target keys from a root and interval name.